Exposure to fluoride aggravates the impairment in learning and memory and neuropathological lesions in mice carrying the APP/PS1 double-transgenic mutation

Table 4 Biochemical parameters between genders of mice in different groups

Parameters	APP/PS1		APP/PS1+LF		APP/PS1+HF
Parameters	Male	Female	Male	Female	Male	Female
Fluoride contents
Bones (ppm)	1.01 ± 0.11	1.00 ± 0.12	1.35 ± 0.05	1.29 ± 0.03	2.51 ± 0.06	2.57 ± 0.02
Brains (ppm)	0.11 ± 0.01	0.11 ± 0.01	0.23 ± 0.02	0.26 ± 0.03	0.30 ± 0.01	0.29 ± 0.02
Morris water maze test
Escape latency (s)	32.59 ± 3.34	34.06 ± 3.85	51.98 ± 3.76	54.65 ± 4.53	53.90 ± 2.34	51.98 ± 2.00
Number of time of crossing the platform (N)	2.00 ± 0.71	2.20 ± 0.84	0.20 ± 4.50	0.40 ± 0.55	0.60 ± 0.89	0.20 ± 0.45
Time remaining of the platform (s)	12.68 ± 1.27	12.89 ± 1.46	7.22 ± 0.96	7.32 ± 0.89	6.93 ± 1.05	7.45 ± 1.06
Number of senile plaques (N)	10.80 ± 1.79	11.80 ± 2.17	33.80 ± 3.70	38.00 ± 2.45	43.20 ± 3.39	45.00 ± 3.87
Oxidative stress
MDA (nmol/mg pr)	4.71 ± 0.15	4.83 ± 0.10	6.60 ± 0.40	7.00 ± 0.48	7.34 ± 0.22	7.60 ± 0.49
SOD (U/mg pr)	121.29 ± 7.33	126.97 ± 5.67	80.31 ± 3.76	82.78 ± 4.59	59.18 ± 12.97	66.47 ± 9.45
GSH-Px (kU/l)	186.80 ± 5.78	193.18 ± 4.87	122.44 ± 8.17	129.66 ± 7.63	71.08 ± 9.53	87.86 ± 16.54

Notice: APP/PS1, amyloid precursor protein/presenilin 1; pr, protein. The values shown are means ± SD (n = 5), as determined by analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by the least significant differences post hoc test

ISSN: 1758-9193