Concepts for brain aging: resistance, resilience, reserve, and compensation

Table 1 Point estimates of odds ratios (OR) from ordinal logistic regression of the impact of the coprevalence of five brain lesions on cognitive performance within 2 years of death

Lesion co-morbidity index	OR for the Nun Study (n = 334)	OR for the Honolulu Asia Aging Study (n = 774)
0	1.0 (reference)	1.0 (reference)
0.4–0.8	2.8	2.4
1.0–1.8	5.0	4.6
2.0–2.4	23.1	16.3
2.6–4.4	99.1	37.6

Severity of each of the five brain lesions (Braak stage for neurofibrillary degeneration, cerebral cortical Lewy body disease, cerebral cortical microinfarcts, hippocampal sclerosis, low brain weight) was scored as none/mild (0), moderate (0.4), or severe (1.0) by established criteria, and the lesion co-morbidity index was calculated as the sum of scores for each of the five lesions [1]

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