Data-driven prognostic features of cognitive trajectories in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairments

Table 2 Comparison of neuropsychological tests between groups at baseline

	Stable (n = 142)	Slow decliner (n = 105)	Fast decliner (n = 31)
K-MMSE	27.1 ± 2.16^ab	24.7 ± 2.98	24.4 ± 2.66
CDR SOB	1.01 ± 0.680^ab	1.61 ± 0.766	1.98 ± 0.871^c
Attention
Digit span forward	5.8 ± 1.41	5.7 ± 1.52	5.6 ± 1.52
Digit span backward	3.8 ± 1.27	3.5 ± 1.00	3.4 ± 0.89
Language and related abilities
K-BNT	42.7 ± 8.93^ab	38.2 ± 9.60	34.6 ± 9.80
Calculation	11.0 ± 1.73	11.0 ± 1.80	11.1 ± 1.20
Ideomotor apraxia	4.6 ± 0.82^b	4.4 ± 1.06	4.0 ± 1.37
Visuospatial function
RCFT copy	31.0 ± 4.33^b	29.7 ± 6.41	28.2 ± 6.64
Memory
SVLT: immediate recall	16.1 ± 4.12^b	14.8 ± 3.87	13.2 ± 3.73
SVLT: delayed recall	3.5 ± 2.31^ab	1.3 ± 1.64	1.3 ± 2.29
SVLT: recognition	19.0 ± 2.75^a	17.4 ± 2.40	18.3 ± 2.21
RCFT: immediate recall	9.0 ± 5.36	6.9 ± 10.92	6.1 ± 4.26
RCFT: delayed recall	8.6 ± 5.16^ab	5.2 ± 3.91	5.0 ± 3.95
RCFT: recognition	18.8 ± 2.15^ab	17.6 ± 2.24	17.2 ± 2.26
Frontal/executive function
COWAT animal	13.5 ± 3.82^ab	11.6 ± 4.24	10.0 ± 2.20
COWAT supermarket	14.4 ± 5.88^ab	11.8 ± 4.72	9.6 ± 3.47
COWAT phonemic	22.4 ± 10.64	21.2 ± 10.90	18.6 ± 7.30
Stroop test: word reading	109.0 ± 8.90	107.1 ± 12.76	108.4 ± 10.71
Stroop test: color reading	73.6 ± 24.28^ab	62.9 ± 25.21	52.7 ± 19.93
Geriatric depression scale	12.8 ± 7.25	11.9 ± 7.01	9.2 ± 5.55

Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was performed after adjusting for age, gender, and years of education, followed by post-hoc analysis with Bonferroni’s method. Bonferroni’s correction was also used to correct for multiple neuropsychological tests (defined as p < 0.05)
CDR-SOB clinical dementia rating sum of boxes, COWAT Controlled Oral Word Association Test, K-BNT Korean version of the Boston Naming Test, K-MMSE Korean version of Mini-Mental State Examination, RCFT Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Test, SVLT Seoul Verbal Learning Test,
^ap < 0.05 with Bonferroni’s post-hoc analyses comparing the stable group and the slow decliner group
^bp < 0.05 with Bonferroni’s post-hoc analyses comparing the stable group and the fast decliner group
^cp < 0.05 with Bonferroni’s post-hoc analyses comparing the slow decliner group and the fast decliner group

ISSN: 1758-9193