Table 9 Normal cognition and aMCI group demographics and TorCA indices comparisons
| Group demographics | NC | aMCI | ||
| N | 57 | 50 | ||
| Male/female | 19/38 | 27/23 |
χ2 = 4.6 p = 0.031 | |
| Age, mean (SD) | 75.3 (7.9) | 77.7 (6.5) |
t(105) = 1.68 p = 0.097 | |
| Years of education, mean (SD) | 15.02 (3.2) | 15.5 (3.4) |
t(105) = 0.72 p = 0.47 | |
| IQ, mean (SD) | 122.81 (13.54)* | 121.33 (13.98) |
t(104) = 0.55 p = 0.58 | |
| TorCA index group comparisons | NC (SD) | aMCI (SD) | t(105) (p value**) | Effect size, Hedge’s g (95% CI) |
| Orientation | 11.58 (0.76) | 10.38 (1.69) |
4.84 (0.0001) |
− 0.93 (− 1.33, − 0.53) |
| Memory—Immediate Recall | 20.77 (4.45) | 14.18 (3.29) |
8.62 (0.0001) |
− 1.66 (− 2.10, − 1.22) |
| Memory—Delayed Recall | 16.86 (4.85) | 6.66 (4.65) |
11.07 (0.0001) |
− 2.13 (− 2.60, − 1.65) |
| Memory—Delayed Recognition | 20.19 (1.33) | 17.42 (2.42) |
7.45 (0.0001) |
−1.43 (− 1.86, − 1.01) |
| Visuospatial | 29.79 (1.80) | 30.02 (2.16) |
0.602 (0.549) |
0.12 (− 0.26, 0.50) |
| Working Memory/Attention/Executive Control | 108.47 (10.30) | 107.34 (8.17) |
0.625 (0.534) |
− 0.12 (− 0.50, 0.26) |
| Language | 80.16 (8.34) | 76.90 (6.23) |
2.26 (0.026) |
− 0.42 (− 0.81, − 0.04) |
| Sum | 287.82 (23.92) | 262.86 (17.63) |
6.07 (0.0001) |
− 1.17 (− 1.58, − 0.76) |