Patterns of cognitive function in middle-aged and elderly Chinese adults—findings from the EMCOA study

An, Yu; Feng, Lingli; Zhang, Xiaona; Wang, Ying; Wang, Yushan; Tao, Lingwei; Lu, Yanhui; Qin, Zhongsheng; Xiao, Rong

doi:10.1186/s13195-018-0421-8

Alzheimer's Research & Therapy

Table 6 Gender-specific associations of sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle, and medical history with cognitive performance

From: Patterns of cognitive function in middle-aged and elderly Chinese adults—findings from the EMCOA study

	MMSE		p ^a	MoCA		p	Verbal memory		p	Attention/processing speed/executive function		p	Cognitive flexibility		p
	Men	Women	p ^a	Men	Women	p	Men	Women	p	Men	Women	p	Men	Women	p
Sociodemographic characteristics
Age	−0.038	−0.031	0.446	−0.078*	−0.063	0.327	−0.054	−0.114*	0.187	−0.185**	−0.110*	0.923	−0.096*	−0.042	0.311
Education years	0.163**	0.308**	< 0.001^#	0.225**	0.369**	< 0.001^#	0.087	0.196**	0.226	0.253**	0.403**	< 0.001^#	−0.08	−0.037	0.128
Occupation
Manual work	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref
White-collar work	0.01	0.067	0.069	0.110*	0.066	0.118	0.100*	0.081	0.954	0.104*	0.155**	0.006	−0.007	0.004	0.114
Monthly income
Low	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref
Medium	0.133*	0.069	0.656	0.083*	0.058	0.557	0.026	0.043	0.401	0.055	−0.004	0.995	0.107*	−0.008	0.933
High	0.179**	0.058	0.96	0.137*	0.056	0.888	0.133*	0.063	0.306	0.069	−0.023	0.589	0.157*	−0.064	0.059
Body mass index
Healthy	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref
Underweight	0.008	−0.003	0.939	−0.001	−0.004	0.807	−0.021	−0.101*	0.222	−0.012	0.034	0.198	0.002	0.09	0.133
Overweight	0.041	−0.036	0.426	0.042	−0.063	0.034	0.092	−0.015	0.316	−0.029	−0.049	0.778	0.021	0.02	0.295
Obesity	0.076	−0.039	0.111	0.073	0.011	0.93	0.085	−0.023	0.271	−0.038	−0.073*	0.243	−0.038	0.052	0.078
Lifestyle
Solitude	−0.043	0.051	0.045	−0.095*	0.005	0.045	−0.013	0.028	0.415	0.007	0.007	0.929	−0.009	0.026	0.271
Reading habits	0.079*	0.097*	0.113	0.169**	0.185**	0.051	0.143**	0.123*	0.729	−0.002	0.056	0.022	0.031	−0.118	0.057
Physically active	0.015	−0.063	0.295	−0.046	−0.07	0.726	−0.038	−0.053	0.892	0.100*	0.046	0.917	0.029	−0.019	0.343
Current smoker	−0.074*	−0.023	0.984	−0.058*	−0.001	0.467	−0.102*	−0.001	0.2	−0.016	−0.002	0.894	−0.057	0.019	0.277
Current drinker	0.055	0.012	0.922	0.059	0.042	0.4	0.063	0.064	0.281	0.014	−0.001	0.996	0.015	−0.015	0.61
Medical history
Diabetes	−0.009	−0.01	0.961	0.002	−0.002	0.967	−0.071*	−0.021	0.487	−0.008	−0.031	0.559	0.002	−0.037	0.548
Hypertension	−0.007	−0.047	0.343	−0.048	−0.074*	0.343	−0.036	−0.036	0.852	0.014	−0.048	0.08	−0.053	−0.002	0.245
Hyperlipidemia	−0.004	0.021	0.285	0.015	0.021	0.463	0.032	0.007	0.997	0.017	0.067	0.282	0.01	0.074	0.257
Stroke	−0.106*	−0.006	0.063	−0.035	0.001	0.475	−0.014	0.042	0.234	−0.002	−0.043	0.284	0.031	−0.100*	0.061
Coronary heart disease	−0.056	0.05	0.023	−0.053	0.03	0.081	−0.142**	−0.027	0.069	0.082	0.043	0.602	0.018	0.011	0.79
Family history of dementia	−0.041	0.013	0.207	−0.01	0.017	0.446	0.013	0.041	0.612	−0.026	0.022	0.309	−0.056	−0.056	0.989

Multivariate linear regression analysis with the enter method was performed on all variables and standardized regression coefficients are presented
MMSE Mini-Mental State Examination, MoCA Montreal Cognitive Assessment
^ap for interactions
*P < 0.05, **P < 0.001; false discovery rate adjusted ^#P < 0.05

Back to article page

ISSN: 1758-9193

Contact us

General enquiries: journalsubmissions@springernature.com