Fig. 1

Distinct default mode network functional connectivity changes in subjects with and without cerebrovascular disease. Group functional connectivity difference maps were overlaid on the MNI template brain. The maps highlight regions showing increased (hot color) or decreased functional connectivity (cold color) in patient groups compared with HCs for the default mode network (DMN). Both AD and AD+CeVD subjects had reduced intra-DMN FC in hippocampal regions of the network for the lParaHC and PCUN seeds. Some medial prefrontal-parietal/temporal and parietal FC decreases were observed in AD subjects for the lParaHC, PCUN, and mPFC seeds, while parietal FC increases were observed in AD+CeVD subjects for the PCUN and mPFC seeds. AD subjects also showed increases in local medial prefrontal FC for the mPFC seed. AD Alzheimer’s disease, aMCI amnestic mild cognitive impairment, ANG right angular gyrus, bil bilateral, CeVD cerebrovascular disease, FC functional connectivity, HC healthy controls, HIP/AMYG hippocampus/amygdala, l left, MCG bilateral middle cingulate gyrus, MTG left middle temporal gyrus, mPFC medial prefrontal cortex, ParaHC parahippocampal cortex, PCG bilateral posterior cingulate gyrus, PCUN precuneus, r right