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Table 3 Statistical group comparisons of neurolinguistic and neuropsychological data

From: Single-word comprehension deficits in the nonfluent variant of primary progressive aphasia

 

Group

 

MV comparisonsc

Other comparisonsc

Variables

MV

NFV

SV

LV

HC

N HC

P a,b

MV-HC

MV-NFV

MV-SV

MV-LV

NFV-HC

NFV-SV

SV-HC

LV-HC

Age (years)

70

(49–80)

66

(57–70)

63

(52–73)

74

(63–77)

67.5 (53–89)

64

0.50a

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

Gender (female/male)

3/4

3/2

4/1

1/2

34/30

64

0.68b

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

Education (years)

12 (12–17)

10 (10–16)

13 (8–14)

12 (10–18)

13 (8–22)

64

0.76 a

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

Symptom duration (months)

37 (16–53)

45 (29–74)

19 (6–131)

59 (48–95)

–

–

0.11a

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

CDR

0.5 (0.5–1)

0.5 (0–0.5)

0.5 (0.5–1)

0.5 (0–1)

0 (0)

64

< 0.001 a

< 0.001

0.064

0.43

0.45

< 0.001

0.18

< 0.001

< 0.001

MMSE (/30)

23.5 (5–28)

26 (18–30)

26 (23–30)

26 (24–29)

29 (27–30)

64

0.002 a

0.001

0.46

0.17

0.24

0.015

0.67

0.07

0.04

CPM (/36)

27.5 (17–31)

26 (25–29)

34 (27–36)

32 (12–32)

33 (24–36)

62

0.001 a

0.001

0.83

0.099

0.44

0.003

0.048

0.70

0.15

BNT (/60)

43(4–52)

47 (7–53)

14 (9–33)

46 (24–57)

56 (44–60)

64

< 0.001 a

< 0.001

0.46

0.074

0.49

0.005

0.17

< 0.001

0.16

AVF (1 min)

7.5 (2–12)

7 (2–16)

11 (6–16)

8 (7–23)

22.0 (14–30)

35

< 0.001 a

< 0.001

0.85

0.23

0.44

0.001

0.53

0.001

0.087

AAT sum single-word comprehension (/60)

41 (27–49)

53 (51–56)

35 (31–58)

53 (50–54)

58 (48–60)

62

0.001 a

< 0.001

0.004

0.37

0.016

0.011

0.12

0.003

0.023

PALPA auditory word-picture matching (/40)

39 (36–40)

39 (37–40)

26 (21–39)

38 (38–39)

40 (38–40)

49

< 0.001 a

0.001

0.71

0.031

0.49

0.030

0.035

< 0.001

0.001

PALPA verbal assoc.-sem. HI (/15)

13 (11–15)

13 (10–15)

12 (5–15)

15 (15–15)

15 (10–15)

51

0.004 a

0.02

0.64

0.58

0.041

0.025

0.60

0.018

0.17

PALPA verbal assoc.-sem. LI (/15)

11 (5–14)

11 (7–14)

7 (3–14)

13 (12–14)

13 (11–15)

51

< 0.001 a

0.003

0.78

0.36

0.12

0.009

0.25

0.006

0.46

PPT (/52)

47 (45–47)

48 (47–49)

34 (31–47)

49 (45–52)

51 (45–52)

60

< 0.001 a

< 0.001

0.012

0.035

0.34

< 0.001

0.011

< 0.001

0.23

BORB easy B (/32)

28 (25–29)

30 (28–31)

22 (18–25)

28 (26–30)

30 (25–32)

62

< 0.001 a

0.017

0.091

0.008

0.79

0.68

0.008

< 0.001

0.17

BORB hard A (/32)

21 (19–25)

26 (21–31)

19 (17–26)

23 (21–26)

27 (20–31)

62

< 0.001 a

< 0.001

0.081

0.36

0.30

0.79

0.073

0.001

0.034

WEZT verb comprehension (/60)

50.5 (42–56)

55 (40–60)

48 (32–58)

57 (53–57)

59 (56–60)

21

< 0.001 a

< 0.001

0.71

0.58

0.070

0.037

0.53

0.001

0.013

WEZT auditory sentence comprehension (/40)

32 (12–36)

32 (26–35)

38 (33–39)

37 (27–40)

40 (36–40)

23

< 0.001 a

< 0.001

0.93

0.022

0.20

< 0.001

0.021

0.001

0.097

WEZT active sentence anagram (/10)

10 (5–10)

10 (9–10)

10 (10–10)

10 (10–10)

10 (10–10)

23

0.046 a

0.005

0.56

0.18

0.29

0.032

0.32

1

1

WEZT passive sentence anagram (/10)

7 (5–10)

10 (3–10)

10 (9–10)

10 (10–10)

10 (10–10)

23

< 0.001 a

< 0.001

0.40

0.066

0.038

0.002

0.64

0.002

1

AAT phoneme repetition (/30)

23 (14–29)

27 (26–30)

30 (29–30)

30 (29–30)

30 (28–30)

49

< 0.001 a

< 0.001

0.20

0.007

0.027

< 0.001

0.032

0.93

0.55

AAT monosyllabic word repetition (/30)

29 (19–30)

29 (24–30)

29 (27–30)

30 (29–30)

30 (27–30)

49

0.076a

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

AAT cognate word repetition (/30)

29 (5–30)

29 (27–30)

30 (28–30)

30 (29–30)

30 (27–30)

49

0.002 a

< 0.001

0.71

0.16

0.27

0.002

0.24

0.46

0.24

AAT concatenated word repetition (/30)

28 (1–30)

26 (15–30)

29 (26–30)

29 (15–30)

30 (28–30)

49

0.001 a

0.001

0.93

0.35

0.69

0.002

0.24

0.058

0.088

AAT sentence repetition (/30)

27.5 (0–28)

24 (17–28)

29 (27–30)

24 (13–26)

30 (26–30)

49

< 0.001 a

< 0.001

0.22

0.04

0.11

< 0.001

0.016

0.33

0.001

PALPA single-word repetition (/80)

77 (55–80)

76 (49–80)

79 (77–80)

80 (79–80)

80 (73–80)

50

0.10a

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

PALPA pseudoword repetition (/80)

53 (11–72)

63 (20–78)

77 (67–79)

66 (56–74)

77 (45–80)

50

0.001 a

0.001

0.21

0.028

0.18

0.022

0.17

0.53

0.035

DIAS diadochokinesis

62.5 (32–115)

51 (18–79)

80 (50–147)

114 (77–117)

126 (56–192)

23

0.001 a

0.003

0.47

0.23

0.12

0.001

0.12

0.093

0.10

DIAS consonant and vowel repetition (/30)

25.5 (11–28)

28 (20–30)

30 (24–30)

30 (29–30)

30 (29–30)

23

< 0.001 a

< 0.001

0.20

0.10

0.019

0.008

0.58

0.096

0.37

  1. Data are shown as median and range (minimum–maximum)
  2. AAT Aachen Aphasia Test, assoc.-sem associative semantic, AVF Animal Verbal Fluency, BNT Boston Naming Test, BORB Birmingham Object Recognition Battery, CDR Clinical Dementia Rating, CPM Colored Progressive Matrices, DIAS Diagnostisch Instrument voor Apraxie van de Spraak, HI high imageability, LI low imageability, LV logopenic variant, MMSE Mini-Mental State Examination, MV mixed variant, NFV nonfluent variant, PALPA Psycholinguistic Assessment of Language Processing in Aphasia, PPT Pyramids and Palm trees Test, SV semantic variant, WEZT Werkwoorden En Zinnen test
  3. – Data not available
  4. aKruskal-Wallis statistical analyses were performed to assess between-group differences (HC, MV, NFV, SV and LV) for continuous variables and bchi-square tests for categorical variables. Pair-wise post-hoc comparisons were performed with Mann-Whitney U testsc. P values are not corrected for multiple comparisons. P values in bold are significantly different between groups