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Table 1 Definition of risk/protective factors in the LIBRA index and corresponding scores [11]

From: Modifiable dementia risk score to study heterogeneity in treatment effect of a dementia prevention trial: a post hoc analysis in the preDIVA trial using the LIBRA index

 

Definition

Score

Modifiable risk factors

 Depression

Score ≥ 5 on the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale

+ 2.1

 Hypertension

SBP ≥ 140 mmHg, DBP ≥ 90 mmHg and/or use of antihypertensive medication

+ 1.6

 Obesity

BMI ≥ 30

+ 1.6

 Smoking

Current smoker

+ 1.5

 Hypercholesterolemia

Total cholesterol ≥ 6.2 mmol/L or use of cholesterol-lowering medication

+ 1.4

 Diabetes

Diabetes mellitusa

+ 1.3

 Renal dysfunction

Estimated glomerular filtration rate < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2 b

+ 1.1

 Physical inactivity

Not fulfilling World Health Organisation criteria for physical activity as measured with LASA Physical Activity Questionnairec

+ 1.1

 Coronary heart disease

Cardiovascular disease (defined as myocardial infarction, angina or peripheral arterial disease)a

+ 1.0

 Low/moderate alcohol use

Alcohol use 1–14 units per week for males and 1–7 for females [21]

−1.0

Non-modifiable risk factors

 Age

Males: 70–74 years

+ 5.2

Male: 75–78 years

+ 6.8

Females: 70–74 years

+ 6.2

Female: 75–78 years

+ 9.2

 Education

High: ≥ 13 years

0

Medium: 7–13 years

+ 1.4

Low: ≤ 7 years

+ 2.7

  1. LIBRA LIfestyle for BRAin Health, SBP systolic blood pressure, DBP diastolic blood pressure, BMI body mass index
  2. aData self-reported and cross-checked with electronic health records
  3. bEstimated glomerular filtration rate calculated with the creatinine-based Chronic Kidney Disease–Epidemiology Collaboration equation [27]
  4. cWorld Health Organisation criteria for physical activity defined as ≥ 150 min/week moderate intensity or ≥ 75 min/week vigorous intensity or an equivalent combination