Group demographics | NC | aMCI | Â | |
 N | 57 | 50 |  | |
 Male/female | 19/38 | 27/23 | χ2 = 4.6 p = 0.031 | |
 Age, mean (SD) | 75.3 (7.9) | 77.7 (6.5) | t(105) = 1.68 p = 0.097 | |
 Years of education, mean (SD) | 15.02 (3.2) | 15.5 (3.4) | t(105) = 0.72 p = 0.47 | |
 IQ, mean (SD) | 122.32 (13.61) | 121.33 (13.98) | t(97) = 0.36 p = 0.72 | |
TorCA index group comparisons | NC (SD) | aMCI (SD) | t(105) (p value*) | Effect size, Hedge’s g (95% CI) |
 Orientation | 11.58 (0.76) | 10.38 (1.69) | 4.84 (0.0001) | − 0.93 (− 1.33, − 0.53) |
 Memory—Immediate Recall | 20.77 (4.45) | 14.18 (3.29) | 8.62 (0.0001) | − 1.66 (− 2.10, − 1.22) |
 Memory—Delayed Recall | 16.86 (4.85) | 6.66 (4.65) | 11.07 (0.0001) | − 2.13 (− 2.60, − 1.65) |
 Memory—Delayed Recognition | 20.19 (1.33) | 17.42 (2.42) | 7.45 (0.0001) | −1.43 (− 1.86, − 1.01) |
 Visuospatial | 29.79 (1.80) | 30.02 (2.16) | 0.602 (0.549) | 0.12 (− 0.26, 0.50) |
 Working Memory/Attention/Executive Control | 108.47 (10.30) | 107.34 (8.17) | 0.625 (0.534) | − 0.12 (− 0.50, 0.26) |
 Language | 80.16 (8.34) | 76.90 (6.23) | 2.26 (0.026) | − 0.42 (− 0.81, − 0.04) |
 Sum | 287.82 (23.92) | 262.86 (17.63) | 6.07 (0.0001) | − 1.17 (− 1.58, − 0.76) |