Table 5 AUC (and 95% CI) and specificity (at a fixed sensitivity of 85%) of the ‘top 5’ biomarkers, comparing AD with other neurodegenerative disorders and controls

AD vs HC

AβX-42/X-40 ratio

0.95 (0.92–0.99)

93%

Aβ1–42 (pg/mL)

0.93 (0.88–0.98)

90%

T-tau/Aβ1–42 ratio

0.93 (0.89–0.97)

83%

T-tau (pg/mL)

0.81 (0.73–0.90)

53%

P-tau (pg/L)

0.80 (0.71–0.88)

54%

All the above

0.91 (0.84–0.95)

88%

AD vs DLB

P-tau (pg/L)

0.79 (0.68–0.90)

50%

T-tau (pg/mL)

0.78 (0.67–0.88)

50%

T-tau/Aβ1–42 ratio

0.77 (0.66–0.88)

40%

AβX-42/X-40 ratio

0.73 (0.59–0.88)

47%

APPβ (ng/mL)

0.73 (0.58–0.87)

44%

All the above

0.75 (0.54–0.88)

50%

AD vs bvFTD

T-tau/Aβ1–42 ratio

0.89 (0.85–0.94)

70%

AβX-42/X-40 ratio

0.86 (0.77–0.94)

85%

T-tau (pg/mL)

0.83 (0.76–0.90)

64%

Aβ1–42 (pg/mL)

0.78 (0.70–0.87)

60%

P-tau (pg/L)

0.78 (0.70–0.86)

46%

All the above

0.86 (0.78–0.92)

81%

AD vs PNFA^a

NFL (ng/L)

0.84 (0.76–0.93)

50%

T-tau/Aβ1–42 ratio

0.67 (0.54–0.80)

24%

Aβ1–42 (pg/mL)

0.65 (0.50–0.80)

35%

All the above

0.60 (0.16–0.76)

42%

AD vs SD^b

AβX-42/X-40 ratio

0.92 (0.86–0.97)

100%

T-tau/Aβ1–42 ratio

0.91 (0.86–0.96)

86%

Aβ1–42 (pg/mL)

0.91 (0.84–0.98)

86%

NFL (ng/L)

0.87 (0.78–0.96)

67%

P-tau (pg/L)

0.85 (0.75–0.94)

29%

AD vs non-AD dementia

T-tau/Aβ1–42 ratio

0.82 (0.77–0.88)

56%

AβX-42/X-40 ratio

0.79 (0.72–0.87)

68%

T-tau (pg/mL)

0.77 (0.71–0.83)

51%

P-tau (pg/L)

0.76 (0.70–0.83)

41%

Aβ1–42 (pg/mL)

0.73 (0.67–0.80)

48%

All the above

0.81 (0.73–0.85)

68%

AD vs all others (including HC)

T-tau/Aβ1–42 ratio

0.85 (0.80–0.90)

63%

AβX-42/X-40 ratio

0.84 (0.79–0.90)

76%

T-tau (pg/mL)

0.78 (0.73–0.84)

51%

Aβ1–42 (pg/mL)

0.78 (0.73–0.84)

59%

P-tau (pg/L)

0.77 (0.71–0.83)

45%

All the above

0.84 (0.79–0.90)

75%