Fig. 6

Diagnostic power of inflammatory biomarkers. ROC based on nonparametric data distribution to calculate cutoff values with equally weighted sensitivity and specificity (discriminative power). The figure shows the results for proteins associated with clinical cohorts or amyloid and tau levels based on the ratio Aβ₄₂/Aβ₄₀ and t-tau. In general, markers reached a discriminative power between 50% and 70%. For use as biomarkers, a power of at least 80–90% (indicated by red and green dashed lines) would be necessary. Values in that range are achieved using Alzheimer’s disease core biomarkers, which are shown for comparison purposes based on the internal laboratory-specific cutoff values. Aβ ₄₀ β-Amyloid 1–40, Aβ ₄₂ β-Amyloid 1–42, AD Alzheimer’s disease, ALS Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, CRP C-reactive protein, IP-10 Interferon-γ-induced protein 10, MCI Mild cognitive impairment, MCP-1 Monocyte chemoattractant protein 1, MIF Macrophage migration inhibitory factor, ND Nondemented, p-tau-181 Tau phosphorylated at position 181, sICAM-1 Soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1, sIL-1RAcP Soluble inhibition of soluble interleukin-1 receptor accessory protein, sTREM2 Soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2, sVCAM-1 Soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule 1, sVEGFR Soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor, t-tau Total tau, VEGF Vascular endothelial growth factor