Fig. 3

Evolution over time of the immune response of initial protocol (IP) and amended protocol (AP) patients (left and right panels, respectively) from baseline to the final visit (a and b) and during the 1-year open-label follow-up (c). The levels of anti-amyloid-β₄₀ (Aβ₄₀) antibodies in plasma are represented as the optical density (OD) in the titration enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays performed in 96-well plates coated with the Aβ_1–40 peptide. Pre-adsorption of plasma samples with Aβ_33–40 peptide (b) resulted in a reduction of > 91% of the signal compared with non-pre-adsorbed samples (a), suggesting that the signal corresponded to specific anti-Aβ₄₀ antibodies. The levels of specific anti-Aβ₄₀ antibodies remained elevated in AP patients in the ABvac40 group for up to 56 weeks after the last immunisation (c). Data are mean ± SEM