Fig. 2

Kaplan-Meier survival analysis for incidence of dementia according to the severity of anemia. The severity of anemia was categorized as (a) none (hemoglobin ≥ 13 g/dl in men and hemoglobin ≥ 12 g/dl in women), (b) mild (hemoglobin ≥ 11 g/dl), (c) moderate (hemoglobin 8–10.9 g/dl), or (d) severe (hemoglobin < 8 g/dl) according to World Health Organization criteria. The incidence of dementia increased according to the severity of anemia, with a significant p value for trend (< 0.001)