AD baseline (n = 322) | AD 1-year follow-up (n = 244) | AD 2-year follow-up (n = 166) | Controls (n = 88) | P value* | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Male patients, n (%) | 173 (53.7%) | 128 (52.4%) | 86 (51.8) | 54 (61.4%) | 0.19 |
Age (years) | 80.4 (6.2) | 80.3 (6.2) | 79.6 (6.5) | 77.0 (6.2) | <0.01 |
Education (years) | 10.1 (4.4) | 10.1 (5.1) | 0.96 | ||
Disease duration (months) | 52.4 (47.5) | – | – | ||
BMI (kg/m2) | 23.6 (3.4) | 23.7 (3.3) | 23.9 (3.3) | 24.4 (3.2) | 0.07 |
MMSE | 18.1 (5.9) | 16.7 (6.4) | 16.5 (6.6) | 27.2 (2.5) | <0.01 |
Delayed recall of 12-item memory test | 1.1 (1.8) | ||||
Forward digit span | 8.5 (3.2) | ||||
Backward digit span | 3.9 (2.1) | ||||
Category verbal fluency | 6.1 (3.0) | ||||
Modified Boston naming test | 11.1 (3.1) | ||||
CDR, n (%) | |||||
0.5 | 20 (6.2%) | 10 (4.1%) | 6 (3.6%) | ||
1 | 208 (64.6%) | 129 (52.9%) | 74 (44.6%) | ||
2 | 81 (25.2%) | 81 (33.2%) | 65 (39.2%) | ||
3 | 12 (3.7%) | 23 (9.4%) | 19 (11.4%) | ||
NPI-agitation/aggression | 7.0 (12.0) | 7.9 (12.5) | 6.9 (11.4) | ||
NPI-mood | 5.4 (9.4) | 6.4 (9.9) | 5.3 (8.6) | ||
NPI-frontal | 5.7 (10.1) | 7.2 (11.4) | 5.7 (8.4) | ||
ApoE4 carrier, n (%) | 135 (41.9%) | 9 (10.2%) | < 0.01 | ||
Plasma clusterin level (μg/ml) | 248.6 (37.9) | 243.8 (35.9) | 0.29 | ||
Aβ1–40 (pg/ml) | 157.9 (50.7) | 144.5 (36.9) | 0.02 | ||
Aβ1–42 (pg/ml) | 36.9 (20.8) | 34.1 (9.1) | 0.23 | ||
Ratio of Aβ1–42/Aβ1–40 (%) | 23.7 (8.7) | 24.4 (6.7) | 0.32 |