Table 2 Demographic characteristics, cognitive test scores, APO E allele distribution, brain volumetric measures, and cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers at baseline and follow-up for the final analysis set (115 MCI subjects) and the two groups MCI-stable and MCI-AD
| All (n = 115) | MCI-stable (n = 87) | MCI-AD (n = 28) | Standard mean difference* | P value** | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) |
65.7 ± 9.03 (36–89) |
66.5 ± 8.95 (51–80) |
65.4 ± 9.37 (36–89) | 0.12 | ns |
| Education (years schooling) |
9.50 ± 1.91 (7–13) |
9.75 ± 1.95 (7–13) |
8.75 ± 1.58 (7–13) | –0.52 | <0.05 |
| Gender (female = 1, male = 2) |
Male = 67; female = 48 |
Male = 52; female = 35 |
Male = 15; female = 13 | 0.13 | ns |
| Bayer-ADL scale (score: 1–10) |
2.47 ± 1.48 (1–4) |
2.41 ± 1.52 (1–4) |
2.67 ± 1.34 (1–4) | 0.18 | ns |
| MADRS (score: 0–60) |
7.41 ± 5.75 (0–13) |
7.67 ± 5.96 (0–13) |
6.62 ± 5.08 (0–11) | –0.18 | ns |
| MMSE |
27.0 ± 2.12 (20–30) |
27.5 ± 1.87 (22–30) |
25.8 ± 2.34 (20–29) | –0.81 | <0.001 |
| CDR-sb |
1.80 ± 1.06 (0.5–4.5) |
1.59 ± 1.00 (0.5–4.5) |
2.45 ± 0.98 (0.5–4) | 0.81 | <0.001 |
| CERAD-DR-WL |
4.82 ± 2.33 (0–10) |
5.25 ± 2.23 (0–10) |
3.46 ± 2.15 (0–8) | –0.77 | 0.001 |
| Amnestic deficit: CERAD-DR-WL below cut-off (<7 correct responses), n (% present) | 88 (77%) | 62 (71%) | 26 (93%) | ||
| ApoE4 alleles (homo- or heterozygotes), n/sample size (% present) | 41/103 (40%) | 32/78 (41%) | 9/25 (36%) | ns | |
| Hippocampal volume (mm3) |
4450 ± 672 (2509–5996) |
4585 ± 649 (3036–5996) |
4031 ± 570 (2509–5235) | –0.82 | <0.0001 |
| Total tau in CSF (pg/ml) |
411 ± 252 (112–1169) |
351 ± 205 (112–1158) |
596 ± 294 (156–1169) | 0.97 | <0.0001 |
| Total tau in CSF below cut-off (>300 pg/ml), n (% abnormal) | 65 (57%) | 41 (47%) | 24 (86%) | ||
| Phosphorylated tau in CSF (pg/ml) |
61.3 ± 30.5 (19.7–157) |
55.6 ± 26.3 (19.7–130) |
78.8 ± 36.1 (27.3–157) | 0.76 | <0.01 |
| Phosphorylated tau in CSF below cut-off (>60 pg/ml), n (% abnormal) | 44 (38%) | 27 (31%) | 17 (61%) | ||
| Aβ42 in CSF (pg/ml) |
749 ± 300 (245–1792) |
794 ± 309 (276–1792) |
611 ± 223 (245–1134) | –0.61 | <0.001 |
| Aβ42 in CSF below cut-off (<600 pg/ml), n (% abnormal) | 39 (34%) | 22 (25%) | 17 (61%) | ||
| Aβ40 in CSF (pg/ml) |
9654 ± 2731 (2604–16320) |
9601 ± 2561 (4175–16320) |
9817 ± 3251 (2604–15210) | 0.08 | ns |
| Aβ40 in CSF below cut-off, n (% abnormal) | n/a | n/a | n/a | ||
| Follow-up time (months) |
25.5 ± 9.8 (12–36) |
26.1 ± 8.0 (12–36) |
25.2 ± 8.9 (12–36) | ns |