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Table 1 Demographic, clinical, and biomarker data

From: No added diagnostic value of non-phosphorylated tau fraction (p-taurel) in CSF as a biomarker for differential dementia diagnosis

 

Controls

AD

FTLD

DLB

CJD

p value

Gender (% male/female) (n)

55/45 (20)

49/51 (45)

51/49 (45)

71/39 (45)

33/67 (21)

0.049

Age at CSF sampling (years)

69.4 (61.5–74.7)

71.2 (66.7–79.2)

63.6 (55.1–71.7)

75.5 (71.2–81.2)

67.2 (57.4–76.4)

<0.001 e

MMSE (0–30) (n)

NA*

20 (15–25) (42)

21 (15–25) (29)

19 (16–23) (38)

NA

0.54

Aβ1–42 (pg/mL)

812 (646–1108)

509 (372–594)

641 (457–858)

547 (423–744)

545 (300–686)

<0.001 a,c,d,e

t-tau (pg/mL)

257 (173–381)

627 (429–928)

320 (219–420)

272 (232–398)

>1440$

<0.001 a,d,e,f

p-tau181 (pg/mL)

40.3 (32.9–58.6)

80.0 (60.5–105.0)

36.7 (28.3–49.0)

45.0 (39.8–64.7)

46.0 (32.2–53.4)

<0.001 a,e,f,g

p-taurel (pg/mL)

32.0 (32.0–49.7)

82.7 (46.6–135.7)

32.0 (32.0–59.0)

44.3 (32.0–73.8)

1375 (738–1820)

<0.001 a,d,e,f,g

Aβ1–42/t-tau

3.40 (2.20–4.76)

0.75 (0.50–1.02)

2.00 (1.36–3.33)

2.08 (1.10–3.13)

0.39 (0.24–0.60)

<0.001 a,d,e,f

Aβ1–42/p-tau181

20.2 (14.7–24.7)

5.8 (4.1–7.1)

18.5 (11.1–25.0)

13.7 (6.8–18.3)

12.3 (6.8–19.6)

<0.001 a,c,e,f,g

Aβ1–42/p-taurel

23.1 (16.2–30.3)

5.0 (3.5–10.3)

15.8 (9.2–21.6)

11.6 (8.0–16.0)

0.4 (0.2–0.9)

<0.001 a,c,d,e,f,g

p-tau181/t-tau

0.176 (0.156–0.197)

0.132 (0.104–0.149)

0.117 (0.097–0.149)

0.158 (0.143–0.177)

0.033 (0.024–0.038)

<0.001 a,b,d,f,g

p-tau181/p-taurel

1.17 (0.85–1.30)

1.00 (0.64–1.43)

0.82 (0.61–1.11)

0.94 (0.70–1.16)

0.03 (0.03–0.06)

<0.001 d,g

APOEε4 carriers (%) (n)

40.0 (5)

61.1 (36)

32.1 (28)

33.3 (33)

NA

0.059

  1. Values are presented as median (interquartile range), percentage (%) or number (n)
  2. Gender distribution was compared by Chi-square test
  3. Significant differences in clinical data and biomarker levels were determined by Kruskal-Wallis with post-hoc Dunn’s correction: a controls vs. AD; b controls vs. FTLD; c controls vs. DLB; d controls vs. CJD; e AD vs. FTLD; f AD vs. DLB; g AD vs. CJD
  4. Age at CSF sampling was also significantly different for FTLD vs. DLB and CJD vs. DLB
  5. Statistically significant p values (<0.05) are marked in bold
  6. *MMSE only performed when clinically relevant (n = 3), no score <27
  7. $Most CJD patients had t-tau values above the detection limit, which were set to highest point of the standard curve +20%
  8. Aβ 1–42 amyloid-beta of 42 amino acids, AD Alzheimer’s disease, CJD Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, CSF cerebrospinal fluid, DLB dementia with Lewy bodies, FTLD frontotemporal lobar degeneration, MMSE Mini-Mental State Examination, NA not available, p-tau 181 tau protein phosphorylated at threonine 181, p-tau rel non-phosphorylated tau fraction, t-tau total tau protein
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Alzheimer's Research & Therapy

ISSN: 1758-9193