Table 1 Characteristics of the study sample
No dementia | All dementia | Alzheimer disease | Vascular dementia | Alzheimer disease, mixed | P valuea | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total study population, n | 24,059 | 579 | 383 | 118 | 78 | |
Female sex, n (%) | 12,758 (53.0) | 373 (64.4) | 257 (67.1) | 63 (53.4) | 53 (67.9) | 0.00 |
Age in HUNT 1 (1984–1986), years, mean (SD) | 50.2 (11.4) | 59.9 (7.0) | 60.2 (6.8) | 58.5 (8.0) | 60.7 (6.0) | 0.00 |
HUNT 1b: Education completion, n (%) | 0.00 | |||||
Primary | 14,371 (59.7) | 442 (76.3) | 292 (76.2) | 90 (76.3) | 60 (76.9) | |
Upper secondary | 6032 (25.1) | 97 (16.8) | 62 (16.2) | 22 (18.6) | 13 (16.7) | |
Higher | 3656 (15.2) | 40 (6.9) | 29 (7.6) | 6 (5.1) | 5 (6.4) | |
HUNT 1: Body mass index, kg/m2, mean (SD) | 25.4 (3.6) | 26.2 (3.8) | 26.1 (3.7) | 26.6 (4.5) | 26.3 (3.2) | 0.00 |
HUNT 1: Pulse, beats/minute, mean (SD) | 72.8 (13.0) | 73.8 (13.4) | 73.6 (14.0) | 73.2 (11.8) | 75.3 (12.4) | 0.07 |
HUNT 1: Systolic BP, mmHg, mean (SD) | 134.3 (20.1) | 140.7 (20.0) | 140.4 (20.0) | 142.1 (20.1) | 140.4 (20.2) | 0.00 |
HUNT 1: Diastolic BP, mmHg, mean (SD) | 84.5 (10.7) | 86.7 (10.7) | 86.1 (10.6) | 88.1 (10.6) | 88.1 (11.3) | 0.00 |
HUNT 1: Mean arterial pressure, mmHg, mean (SD) | 101.1 (12.6) | 104.7 (12.5) | 104.2 (12.4) | 106.1 (12.3) | 105.5 (13.1) | 0.00 |
HUNT 1: Pulse pressure, mmHg, mean (SD) | 49.8 (15.1) | 54.0 (15.7) | 54.3 (15.7) | 54.0 (16.2) | 52.4 (14.8) | 0.00 |
Age in HUNT 2 (1995–1997), years, mean (SD) | 61.6 (11.4) | 71.4 (6.9) | 71.6 (6.8) | 69.9 (7.9) | 72.1 (5.9) | 0.00 |
HUNT 2: Systolic BP, mmHg, mean (SD) | 145.4 (22.8) | 153.7 (23.2) | 152.8 (23.3) | 155.4 (21.7) | 155.5 (24.4) | 0.00 |
HUNT 2: Diastolic BP, mmHg, mean (SD) | 84.1 (12.1) | 84.6 (12.8) | 83.8 (12.8) | 86.9 (11.7) | 85.5 (14.1) | 0.30 |
HUNT 2: Mean arterial pressure, mmHg, mean (SD) | 104.5 (14.4) | 107.6 (14.8) | 106.8 (14.9) | 110.0 (13.3) | 108.8 (16.2) | 0.00 |
HUNT 2: Pulse pressure, mmHg, mean (SD) | 61.3 (16.8) | 69.0 (17.4) | 69.0 (17.3) | 68.5 (18.0) | 70.0 (17.5) | 0.00 |
HUNT 2: Cholesterol, mmol/L, mean (SD) | 6.3 (1.2) | 6.7 (1.2) | 6.7 (1.2) | 6.6 (1.2) | 6.6 (1.2) | 0.00 |
HUNT 2: Nonfasting blood glucose, mmol/L, mean (SD) | 5.7 (1.7) | 5.9 (1.7) | 5.8 (1.8) | 6.0 (1.8) | 5.8 (1.5) | 0.03 |
HUNT 2: Waist-to-hip ratio | 0.86 (0.08) | 0.85 (0.08) | 0.85 (0.08) | 0.87 (0.07) | 0.85 (0.07) | 0.04 |
HUNT 2: Estimated glomerular filtration rate, ml/minute/1.73 m2 | 70.2 (13.6) | 63.1 (12.3) | 62.9 (12.3) | 64.5 (14.1) | 62.2 (9.2) | 0.00 |
Antihypertensive tablet, current or past, n (%) | 5389 (22.4) | 190 (32.8) | 120 (31.3) | 45 (38.1) | 25 (32.1) | 0.00 |
Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 307 (1.3) | 5 (0.9) | 4 (1.0) | 1 (3.4) | 0 | 0.38 |
Myocardial infarction, n (%) | 314 (1.3) | 9 (1.6) | 8 (2.1) | 1 (0.8) | 0 | 0.60 |
Angina pectoris, n (%) | 2047 (8.5) | 86 (14.9) | 56 (14.6) | 18 (15.3) | 12 (15.4) | 0.00 |
Stroke, n (%) | 139 (0.6) | 5 (0.9) | 1 (0.3) | 2 (1.7) | 2 (2.9) | 0.37 |
Smoker, n (%) | 0.00 | |||||
Never | 9933 (41.3) | 292 (50.4) | 205 (53.5) | 45 (38.1) | 42 (53.8) | |
Ever | 9220 (34.2) | 197 (34.0) | 126 (32.9) | 48 (40.7) | 23 (29.5) | |
Current | 5906 (24.5) | 90 (15.5) | 52 (13.6) | 25 (21.2) | 13 (16.7) | |
Physical activity frequency, n (%) | 0.00 | |||||
Never | 2361 (9.8) | 79 (13.6) | 51 (13.3) | 20 (16.9) | 8 (10.3) | |
Less often than once per week | 6899 (28.7) | 135 (23.3) | 82 (21.4) | 30 (25.4) | 23 (29.5) | |
Once per week | 6549 (27.2) | 135 (23.3) | 83 (21.7) | 30 (25.4) | 22 (28.2) | |
Two or three times per week | 5506 (22.9) | 142 (24.5) | 109 (28.5) | 19 (16.1) | 14 (17.9) | |
Nearly every day | 2744 (11.4) | 88 (15.2) | 58 (15.1) | 19 (16.1) | 11 (14.1) | |
Alcohol use during past 2 weeks, n (%) | 0.00 | |||||
Abstainer | 2447 (10.2) | 94 (16.2) | 62 (16.2) | 19 (16.1) | 13 (16.7) | |
None | 11,014 (45.8) | 287 (49.6) | 202 (52.7) | 52 (44.1) | 33 (42.3) | |
One to four times | 9108 (37.9) | 155 (26.8) | 91 (23.8) | 38 (32.2) | 26 (33.3) | |
Five to ten times | 740 (3.1) | 21 (3.6) | 14 (3.7) | 4 (3.4) | 3 (3.8) | |
More than ten times | 750 (3.1) | 22 (3.8) | 14 (3.7) | 5 (4.2) | 3 (3.8) | |
Subjective health status | 0.00 | |||||
Poor, n (%) | 67 (0.3) | 3 (0.5) | 2 (0.5) | 1 (0.8) | 0 | |
Not so good, n (%) | 3947 (16.4) | 144 (24.9) | 93 (24.3) | 29 (24.6) | 22 (28.2) | |
Good, n (%) | 16,053 (66.7) | 381 (65.8) | 257 (67.1) | 74 (62.7) | 50 (64.1) | |
Very good, n (%) | 3992 (16.6) | 51 (8.8) | 31 (8.1) | 14 (11.9) | 6 (7.7) |