Fig. 1

Baseline neuropsychological performance for the three medication groups across the total sample. Raw scores of mean performance were converted to z-scores using means and standard deviations of the final sample. Inverse z-scores for log-transformed Trail Making Test A and Trail Making Test B scores (time to completion) are presented such that positive values indicate better performance. The participants who took other antihypertensive drugs that were not angiotensin II receptor blockers (HTN-Other) performed worse on tests of memory, attention, and executive function than normotensive subjects. However, angiotensin II receptor blocker users (HTN-ARBs) did not differ from normotensive subjects on memory function and demonstrated better recognition memory than those taking other antihypertensive medications. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001. RAVLT Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test