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Fig. 2 | Alzheimer's Research & Therapy

Fig. 2

From: Protective effect of melatonin on soluble Aβ1–42-induced memory impairment, astrogliosis, and synaptic dysfunction via the Musashi1/Notch1/Hes1 signaling pathway in the rat hippocampus

Fig. 2

Melatonin improved spatial learning and reference memory in soluble Aβ1–42-injected rats. a Average escape latency for rats searching for the hidden platform over 5 consecutive training days. b Average swimming path efficiency of rats searching for the hidden platform over 5 consecutive training days. c Average swimming time of rats in the target quadrant during the probe trial. d Average passing times of rats in the target quadrant during the probe trial. e Swimming paths of rats during the probe trial. Large red circle, water maze pool; small red circle, platform location. s second, Ctrl control group, 1–42-injected group, Mel melatonin-injected group, Aβ + Mel dual Aβ1–42 and melatonin-injected group. * p < 0.05 compared with control rats; # p < 0.05 and ## p < 0.01 compared with Aβ1–42-injected rats

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