From: Grey matter atrophy in prodromal stage of dementia with Lewy bodies and Alzheimer’s disease
Pro-DLB (n = 28; 2 NCL, 26 SXB) | Pro-AD (n = 27; 1 NCL, 26 SXB) | HC (n = 33; 30 NCL, 3 SXB) | Test statistic, P value | Post hoc analysisa | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age, years, mean (SD) | 67.5 (9.2) | 69.3 (7.8) | 72.4 (10.4) | F = 2.189, P = 0.118 | |
Education,b 1/2/3 | 11/4/8 | 11/3/12 | 1/14/11 | H = 2.116, P = 0.347 | |
Sex, F/M | 16/12 | 7/20 | 18/15 | χ2 = 6.726, P = 0.035c | |
Handedness, R/L | 26/2 | 24/3 | 29/4 | χ2 = 1.558, P = 0.459 | |
MMSE score | 27.6 (2.1) | 26.9 (1.9) | 29.4 (0.9) | H = 31.897, P < 0.0001c | HC > pro-AD and pro-DLB |
TMTA,d impaired subjects | 60.7 % | 32.0 % | 0 % | H = 12.174, P < 0.002c | HC > pro-DLB |
TMTB,d impaired subjects | 71.4 % | 44.0 % | 0 % | H = 15.245, P < 0.0001c | HC > pro-DLB |
CDR Sum of Boxes, 0/0.5/1/2/3 | 2/26/0/0/0 | 1/26/0/0/0 | 33/0/0/0/0 | H = 75.466, P < 0.0001c | HC < pro-DLB and pro-AD |
Parkinsonisme | |||||
Rigidity, 0/1/2/3/4 | 7/20/1/0/0 | 23/4/0/0/0 | 33/0/0/0/0 | H = 44.388, P < 0.0001c | Pro-DLB > HC and pro-AD |
Akinesia, 0/1/2/3/4 | 10/14/3/1/0 | 23/4/0/0/0 | 31/2/0/0/0 | H = 29.156, P < 0.0001c | Pro-DLB > HC and pro-AD |
Tremor at rest, 0/1/2/3/4 | 17/9/2/0/0 | 27/0/0/0/0 | 33/0/0/0/0 | H = 19.360, P < 0.0001c | Pro-DLB > HC and pro-AD |
Hallucinations | 60.7 % | 0 % | 0 % | χ2 = 44.521, P < 0.0001c | |
Fluctuations | 92.9 % | 0 % | 0 % | χ2 = 65.972, P < 0.0001c | |
CAFb | 3.5 (3.6) | 0.0 (0) | 0 (0) | H = 34.872, P < 0.0001c | Pro-DLB > HC and pro-AD |
RBD | 56.0 % | 7.7 % | 0 % | H = 31.696, P < 0.0001c | Pro-DLB > HC and pro-AD |
Treatment | |||||
ChEI | 28.6 % | 48.1 % | 0.0 % | χ2 = 18.253, P < 0.0001c | |
Dopa | 28.6 % | 0.0 % | 0.0 % | χ2 = 19.274, P < 0.0001c | |
NL | 10.7 % | 0.0 % | 0.0 % | χ2 = 6.793, P = 0.033c | |
CSF, mean (SD), number of subjects | |||||
Aβ1–42 | 859.3 (336.7) n = 23 | 579.0 (287.4), n = 23 | – | F = 5.345, P = 0.008c | Pro-DLB > pro-AD |
Phospho-tau | 43.6 (13.9), n = 23 | 93.7 (36.8), n = 23 | – | F = 18.805, P < 0.0001c | Pro-DLB < pro-AD |
Tau | 313.0 (286.3), n = 23 | 660.6 (355.4), n = 23 | – | F = 6.895, P = 0.002c | Pro-DLB < pro-AD |
Hippocampal atrophy,f 0/1/2/3/4 | |||||
Left hippocampus | 14/10/2/2/0 | 5/16/4/2/0 | 27/5/1/0/0 | H = 23.992, P < 0.0001c | HC < pro-AD and pro-DLB |
Right Hippocampus | 14/10/4/0/0 | 5/14/7/1/0 | 22/8/2/1/0 | H = 13.591, P < 0.001c | Pro-AD < HC and pro-DLB |