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Table 2 Cox proportional hazards ratios of nursing home placement, conversion to moderate dementia, and death in severe dementia during follow-up and ORs of rapid cognitive decline in univariate analyses

From: High tau levels in cerebrospinal fluid predict nursing home placement and rapid progression in Alzheimer’s disease

Variable

NHP (n = 112/234), HR (95 % CI)

Conversion to moderate dementia (n = 149/219), HR (95 % CI)

Rapid cognitive declinea (n = 57/213), OR (95 % CI)

Death in severe dementia (n = 46/234), HR (95 % CI)

Age (per year)

1.00 (0.97–1.03)

0.99 (0.96–1.01)

1.00 (0.95–1.04)

1.00 (0.96–1.04)

Male sex

0.56 (0.37– 0.83)b

0.93 (0.67– 1.52)

0.44 (0.22–0.89)b

0.65 (0.34–1.22)

Cohabiting

0.78 (0.52–1.18)

1.52 (1.01–2.30)b

1.37 (0.63–3.00)

1.10 (0.54–2.22)

Education level

    

 ≤7 years

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

 8–12 years

0.74 (0.48–1.15)

0.98 (0.67–1.44)

2.03 (1.06–3.88)b

0.98 (0.51–1.89)

 ≥13 years

0.38 (0.22–0.65)b

0.76 (0.50–1.16)

0.43 (0.17–1.09)

0.27 (0.10–0.63)b

Mild to moderate dementia at baseline

1.74 (1.20–2.53)b

1.71 (0.85–3.44)

2.99 (1.57–5.69)b

3.25 (1.80–5.86)b

MMSE at LP (per point)

0.86 (0.83–0.90)b

0.87 (0.87–0.91)b

0.95 (0.88–1.02)

0.89 (0.85–0.93)b

t-tau above median

1.81 (1.25–2.64)b

1.86 (1.35–2.58)b

2.56 (1.34–4.88)b

1.73 (0.95–3.17)

p-tau above median

1.12 (0.77–1.62)

1.35 (0.98–1.88)

1.63 (0.86–3.07)

1.26 (0.69–2.28)

Aβ42 below median

1.35 (0.93–1.97)

1.21 (0.88–1.67)

1.05 (0.56–1.97)

1.31 (0.76–2.37)

  1. Aβ42 amyloid-β 42 peptide, LP lumbar puncture, MMSE Mini Mental State Examination, NHP nursing home placement, p-tau phosphorylated tau, t-tau total tau
  2. a≥4-point decline in MMSE per 12 months
  3. b p < 0.05