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Table 3 Factors affecting the long-term outcome with MMSE or ADAS-cog score as dependent variables

From: Predictors of long-term cognitive outcome in Alzheimer's disease

 

MMSE

ADAS-cog

Percentage of variance accounted for, all fixed terms

53.7%, P< 0.001

57.8%, P< 0.001

Significant predictors in final mixed models

β

95% CI (β)

P-value

β

95% CI (β)

P-value

Fixed terms

      

Intercept

-25.766

-36.047, -15.484

< 0.001

-8.756

-19.030, 1.518

0.095

Time in months from baseline

-0.507

-0.605, -0.409

< 0.001

-0.211

-0.381, -0.040

0.016

MMSE (ADAS-cog) baseline score

2.666

2.074, 3.259

< 0.001

1.604

1.157, 2.051

< 0.001

MMSE (ADAS-cog) baseline score2

-0.018

-0.028, -0.008

< 0.001

  

ns

Time in months × MMSE (ADAS-cog) baseline score

0.023

0.019, 0.027

< 0.001

0.016

0.011, 0.021

< 0.001

Time in months2 × MMSE (ADAS-cog) baseline score

-0.0001

-0.0001, -0.0001

< 0.001

0.0001

0.00004, 0.0002

0.004

Background variables:

      

Gender (male = 0, female = 1)

-0.395

-0.718, -0.072

0.017

-1.290

-3.262, 0.681

0.199

MMSE (ADAS-cog) baseline score × Gender

  

ns

0.110

0.020, 0.199

0.016

APOE ε4 carrier (no = 0, yes = 1)

  

ns

1.072

0.239, 1.906

0.012

NSAIDs/Acetylsalicylic acid (no = 0, yes = 1)

0.440

0.094, 0.785

0.013

-1.037

-1.890, -0.184

0.017

Education, years

0.085

0.017, 0.153

0.014

-0.147

-0.339, 0.044

0.131

Time in months × Education, years

-0.013

-0.019, -0.007

< 0.001

0.018

0.003, 0.033

0.016

Age at first assessment, years

0.361

0.237, 0.485

< 0.001

0.168

0.036, 0.300

0.013

MMSE (ADAS-cog) baseline score × Age

-0.017

-0.023, -0.011

< 0.001

-0.012

-0.018, -0.006

< 0.001

IADL score at baseline

-0.090

-0.124, -0.056

< 0.001

0.256

0.170, 0.343

< 0.001

ChEI-dosea

0.010

0.001, 0.018

0.024

-0.040

-0.062, -0.019

< 0.001

Random terms (variance)

      

Intercept

2.613

2.166, 3.153

< 0.001

13.887

10.274, 18.770

< 0.001

Time in months

0.027

0.023, 0.032

< 0.001

0.131

0.108, 0.158

< 0.001

  1. Solitary living, concomitant medications with the exception of NSAIDs/Acetylsalicylic acid, age at onset, basic ADL ability, change of dosage and the variable comparing the ChEI agents were not significant.
  2. β values were unstandardized and are expressed per one unit increase for continuous variables and for the condition present in dichotomous variables.
  3. aMean percentage of the maximum recommended dose, that is, 10 mg donepezil, 12 mg rivastigmine and 24 mg galantamine.
  4. Abbreviations: ADAS-cog, Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-cognitive subscale; APOE, Apolipoprotein E; ChEI, Cholinesterase inhibitors; CI, Confidence interval; IADL, Instrumental Activities of Daily Living scale; MMSE, Mini-Mental State Examination; NSAID, Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; ns, not significant.
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Alzheimer's Research & Therapy

ISSN: 1758-9193