Treating Alzheimer’s disease with monoclonal antibodies: current status and outlook for the future

Table 1 Overview of monoclonal antibodies that have been or are being tested for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease

Compound	Company	Epitope	Trial results	References
Bapineuzumab, humanized 3D6	Janssen/Pfizer	Amino terminus	Phase 3 trials did not meet cognitive and functional endpoints	[22, 23]
Solanezumab, humanized m266	Eli Lilly	Central (amino acids 16 to 24), accessible only on soluble amyloid-β	Phase 3 trials did not meet functional endpoint; did meet cognitive endpoint in pooled analyses in mild AD	[24, 25]
Gantenerumab, full human	Hoffmann-La Roche	Amino terminus and central portions of amyloid-β	Phase 2a trial showed reduction in brain amyloid β on PET	[26, 27]
Crenezumab, humanized IgG4	Genentech	Conformational epitopes, including oligomeric and protofibrillar forms	Phase 1 trial showed compound was safe and well-tolerated	[28, 29]
BAN2401, humanized mAb158	Eisai Inc.	Binds large-size amyloid-β protofibrils (>100 kDa)	Phase 1 trial showed compound was safe and well-tolerated	[9, 30]
GSK 933776, humanized IgG1	GlaxoSmithKline	Amino terminus	Phase 1 trial showed compound was safe and well-tolerated	[9, 31]
AAB-003, Fc-engineered bapineuzumab	Janssen/Pfizer	Amino terminus	Phase 1 trial ongoing	[9, 32]
SAR228810, humanized 13C3	Sanofi	Protofibrils, and low molecular weight amyloid-β	Phase 1 trial ongoing	[9, 33]
BIIB037/BART, full human IgG1	Biogen Idec	Insoluble fibrillar human amyloid-β	Phase 1 trial ongoing	[9, 34]

Adapted from Moreth and colleagues [9]. AD, Alzheimer’s disease; Ig, immunoglobulin; mAb, monoclonal antobody; PET, positron emission tomography.

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