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Table 2 Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses of factors associated with the decline of walking ability

From: Predictors of decline in walking ability in community-dwelling Alzheimer’s disease patients: Results from the 4-years prospective REAL.FR study

 

Relative risk (95% confidence interval)

 

Univariate

Stepwise backward regression analysis

Stepwise backward regression analysis

  

Model 1

Model 2

Age

1.06 (1.04 to 1.09)

1.05 (1.02 to 1.08)

1.05 (1.02 to 1.08)

Gender (reference group is male)

0.78 (0.54 to 1.12)

-

-

Length of time since the diagnosis of dementia

1.14 (1.01 to 1.28)

1.20 (1.05 to 1.37)

1.16 (1.01 to 1.33)

Cardiovascular risk factors

1.22 (0.88 to 1.70)

-

-

Cardiovascular disease

1.59 (1.11 to 2.27)

-

-

Painful osteoarthritis

1.62 (1.11 to 2.37)

1.81 (1.17 to 2.78)

1.84 (1.19 to 2.85)

Comorbidity

   

 0

1

-

-

 1

1.07 (0.71 to 1.61)

  

  ≥ 2

1.52 (1.01 to 2.29)

  

MNA (≤23.5 versus >23.5)

2.01 (1.47 to 2.74)

1.45 (1.01 to 2.08)

-

Institutionalization (yes versus no)

2.89 (1.77 to 4.73)

1.83 (1.03 to 3.25)

-

Hospitalization for fracture of the lower extremity (yes versus no)

4.27 (2.34 to 7.80)

5.80 (2.85 to 11.81)

6.35 (3.02 to 13.37)

Hospitalization for stroke (yes versus no)

2.14 (0.62 to 7.37)

-

-

Hospitalization for reason other than fracture or stroke (yes versus no)

1.62 (1.11 to 2.35)

-

-

MMSE

   

  > 20

1

1

-

 16 to 20)

1.36 (0.89 to 2.06)

1.07 (0.66 to 1.74)

 

  < 15

3.02 (2.06 to 4.44)

2.41 (1.54 to 3.75)

 

One leg balance test (abnormal versus normal)

3.10 (2.13 to 4.51)

2.25 (1.44 to 3.51)

-

ADL score (walking item excluded)

0.49 (0.43 to 0.55)

Not introduced in the model 1

0.49 (0.43 to 0.56)

BMI

 

-

-

  < 20

1.22 (0.73 to 2.04)

  

 20 to 25

1

  

 25 to 30

1.03 (0.72 to 1.47)

  

  > 30

1.76 (1.09 to 2.82)

  

Hallucination (yes versus no)

1.63 (0.94 to 2.86)

-

-

Apathy (yes versus no)

1.70 (1.23 to 2.37)

-

-

Aberrant motor behavior (yes versus no)

1.74 (1.27 to 2.39)

-

-

AChE inhibitors (yes versus no)

0.41 (0.25 to 0.66)

0.48 (0.26 to 0.89)

0.52 (0.28 to 0.96)

Psychotropic treatments (yes versus no)

1.36 (0.99 to 1.88)

-

-

Anti to Parkinsonian treatment (yes versus no)

2.32 (0.79 to 6.80)

-

-

  1. Anti-parkinsonian treatment: dopamine agonist or dopaminergic agent; psychotropic treatments: anxiolytics, neuroleptics, serotonin reuptake inhibitor and other antidepressants. AChE inhibitors, acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (rivastigmine or donepezil or galantamine); ADL, activities of daily living score with walking item excluded (score over 5); BMI, body mass index; MNA, Mini-Nutritional Assessment <23.5 versus ≥24; MMS score, Mini-Mental state score.
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Alzheimer's Research & Therapy

ISSN: 1758-9193